Describe a significant achievement, experience or risk and its impact Essay

Describe a significant achievement, experience or risk and its impact on you - Essay Example To start with, I have become culturally diverse through social interactions with peers, instructors, tutors and colleagues. This has widened up my scope towards understanding social diversities around the world. Secondly, my personal growth and development has been enhanced. Many at times, students concentrate on their school work and fail to integrate the role of education in personal growth and development (Robbins 149). As a result, quality papers are held, but poor personal growth may be evident. Striking balance between every relevant role of education has been a primary impact of my educational pursuit. Such an achievement has come with an aiding tool of assessing and evaluating my strengths and weaknesses. Consequently, this is a critical aspect of life. Achievements in my field of study and education-wise at large define the threshold of my capabilities in the light of personal strengths and weaknesses. The core factor input has been to uphold my strengths and build on my weaknesses in such a way that only the best is portrayed of me in my educational pursuit, social or economic

Automobile - Fuels Essay Example for Free

Automobile Fuels Essay General Motors has been at the center of one of the nation’s largest controversies over clean emissions-cars. In 1996 the company introduced the EV-1 electric car in California and Arizona. Hundreds of the electric cars were soon on the road. Then they all disappeared. The mystery behind their disappearance is the subject of the documentary Who Killed the Electric Car? Electric vehicles had many advantages over their competitors in the early 1900s. They did not have the vibration, smell, and noise associated with gasoline cars. Changing gears on gasoline cars was the most difficult part of driving, while electric vehicles did not require gear changes. Even though the cars seemed to be the next big thing, they ended up being not so successful. There have been many allegations to whom or what happen to kill the electric car. In 2000, tragedy struck as all EV-1’s were recalled. In 2003, California’s zero emissions vehicle mandate was killed and General Motors officially closed down the entire EV-1 project despite the long waiting lists and positive feedback from EV-1 drivers. This terrible crime did not go unnoticed by the public. Consumers were outraged by the recalling of EV-1’s. They wanted to know why someone would get rid of a car that would help out the environment and would make things better for the future. Someone is to blame for killing the electric car, but who? Was it the big oil companies and their fear of losing money? Could it be the battery technology in the EV-1’s that was faulty?

Interview with the Luddite :: Lunsford Interveiw Luditte Essays

Interview with the Luddite In Andrea Lunsford's introduction she gives a brief background on both Kelly and his interviewee, Kirkpatrick Sale. From her descriptions it is very clear on how different the beliefs of these two men are from each other. Lunsford seems to be fascinated by how the interviews in Wired magazine, which she sort of reluctantly subscribes to, have all ended up in a debate or argument. And the one "which you are about to read,["Interview with the Luddite"] is no exception," she says(243). In this paper I will discuss the different claims of each of the two men and weigh them against each other for validity and persuasiveness. While reading "Interview with the Luddite" by Kevin Kelly I immediately sensed a feeling of sarcasm on Kelly's part. From the title alone I could tell that Kelly was either not looking forward to the interview, or he just could not wait until he could sit down with this guy and pick him apart. He uses the term "the Luddite" in such a generalized sense that it almost makes the interviewee sound so unimportant as a person. Since there is more than one Luddite on the planet he could have used the word "a" instead of "the" when referring to this person he was about to interview. The very first question Kelly asks Sale is an accusation and comes across very harshly to the reader. He asks, "Other than arson and a lot of vandalism, what did the Luddites accomplish in the long run?"(243). After reading this first question, I felt a little sorry for Sale, and I was mad at Kelly for asking such an abrupt question. But my sympathy soon ended when Kelly continued on in the interview. Sale proudly explains and defends the beliefs of his group, the Luddites. But it is clear that Kelly has a strong opposing opinion. He immediately wants to weaken the character of Sale so that the reader is liable to side more with Kelly, himself. This is a very effective strategy on Kelly's part because I found myself agreeing with him more than I did with Sale. When Kelly asked if Sale considered himself a modern-day Luddite, Sale said yes. Sale argues that this is so in the sense that the Luddites of today had not resorted to destroying property, but used books and voices to help raise the consciousness that technology is bad.

Career in Accounting

Career in Accounting Tammy Doll Everest University Online September 2012 Career in Accounting I have always wanted a career in Accounting. I was always good in math and keeping things organized. Although it is not what my parents wanted for me. They wanted me to become a nurse. There are quite a few steps that I must take to become an accountant. Through minimal education requirements and continued education I will better myself and grow within my career. As an Accountant I would have a multitude of responsibilities depending on what field that I decided to go in.There are several fields I could go into, Auditing in which I would go into a business or to an individual and do a complete audit on their financial history. There is a Budget Analysis career option in which I would be responsible for the financial plans of a business. Another career field would be Management Accounting which is basically running a business, deciding when and where to spend the money. The career that I woul d like to have in the accounting field would be to become a Certified Public Accountant.A certified public accountant is responsible for preparing and auditing annual financial statements. I would also be responsible for completing tax returns for businesses and personal income taxes. (Accounting coach, 2004-2012) There are several things that I have to accomplish before I get my CPA. First I must get my Associates degree in accounting, which will allow me to get some experience. Then I will go for my bachelor’s degree. Just a bachelor’s degree in accounting is not enough to qualify for my CPA license. Accounting coach, 2004-2012) I would need to have 150 college credits and also pass an ethics exam in order to sit for the CPA exam. Different states have different requirements to maintain my CPA license, but generally I would have to take so many higher education credits per year to recertify. To get where I want to be there is a lot of steps that I must climb, I am up to the challenge. There is a wide range of opportunities for me, depending on the degree I obtain in Accounting.Just having an associate’s degree in accounting certifies me to be a bookkeeper or an accounting clerk. The salary I could expect to make is $18,000 to $40,000 per year. Going on with my dream and pursuing my bachelor’s degree and ultimately my CPA I could earn $40,000 to $80,000 per year depending on experience. (Accounting coach, 2004-2012) Accountants must be well organized and be knowledgeable of financial documents. They must also be trustworthy, honest, have strong communication skills and be very attentive to detail. (Ford) Smith, 2012). It is also very helpful that I am knowledgeable of using Excel and similar computer programs, because spreadsheets are the core of accounting organization. After completing this paper and doing extra research, I still want a career in Accounting. I have a lot of hard work ahead of me. Organization and math was always one of my stronger qualities. I am ready to better myself through further education and be the best that I can be in my career. ReferencesAccounting Coach. (2004-2012). CPA requirements, accounting jobs and opportunities. In Accounting Coach (Ed. ), Retrieved from http://www. Accountingcoach. com/careers/CPA-requirement. html Careers in business. In (1997). Careers in Accounting. Retrieved from http://www. Career-in- Accounting. com (Ford) Smith. (2012). Traits, skills, and personal characteristics for an accountant. In Retrieved from http://www. chron. com/traits-skills-personal-characteristics-accountants-9716. html

The New Subjects in Romantisism

During the Romantic Period there seemed to be revolution in the air. The American Revolution and the French Revolution of 1789 had a great impact on literature of the late 18th and early 19th centuries. This impact can be seen throughout Romantic literature but especially in the area of new subjects. Before the 19th century authors tended to write about the aristocratic class. There was nothing written for or about the common people. There are three areas in which the discussion will focus upon in the area of new subjects. The first area will focus on the children, the second will be women, and the third will be the new attitude towards God. The Romantic period strongly emphasized the lives of children. Authors writing at that time did not just look at children playing outside but within real life situations. Writing started to be explored in the language of the common man. The topics presented by most of these writers appealed to the general public. Today, the area of children within literary works does not seem revolutionary. At this time, however, there were no writings that reflected the everyday lives of children. The first important poem in the Romantic period with regards to children is by William Blake, â€Å"The Chimney Sweep.† This poem focuses upon the tremendous abuse of children during this time. This poem portrays visions of death throughout â€Å"were all of them lock'd up in coffins of black†(Norton 31). This quote catches the reader's attention with a vision of death. These children talked of death very candidly because they died young. The sweeper almost inevitably would have died before he even knew how to live life. They worked in horrible labor conditions with no sign of relief because there were no labor laws. These children mainly died from consumption of the fumes within the shaft or by an accident. â€Å"We are Seven† by William Wordsworth refers frequently to children. This poem is told from the perspective of a seven-year-old girl. A young girl as the center of the poem would have been unheard of in earlier periods. The little girl has a brother and a sister who have died. The girl shows the reader the presence of another reality. The audience could not have understood this new reality we before the entrance of a child's perspective. The child has seven people in the family but two are dead. The little girl's reality is different than the readers. She believes her family members are with her even though they are really dead. These two poems impacted the populace to be aware of the exploitation of children and their understandings of the world. Frankenstein also addresses the concept of children in literature. Mary Shelly does it on several occasions. The first reference to children in the book is when Victor's brother is killed. Only in the Romantic Period do readers see the concept of death of children. Also on another occasion within the novel the talk centers on children migrating because of war. In earlier novels the role of children was not predominant. Another area in which the Romantic writings were opened were the writings on and by women. The most influential work would be Mary Wolstonecraft's work The Vindication of The Rights of Woman. There are many points that are brought to light within this work. Wolstonecraft calls for the education of all people, including women. She does not want to educate women for the amusement of men, but for intellectual stimuli. She tires to argue for women's education in a subtle way. She argues for the education of women to be for the betterment of the populace. Wolstonecraft tries to make the point that the education of women would be in a good light. She argues that the education of women would create stability within the home. Husbands and wives will be able to hold a substantive conversation; they will â€Å"become the friend, and not the humble dependant of her husband†(Norton 113). Wollstonecraft was able to write in this way because she herself was educated. Her relationship with her husband was one of a mutual affection not a necessity, and he was not threatened by this. Women threatened other contemporary males during this time. As seen here from a journal called Gentleman's Magazine in April 1799: In the general confusion of ideas, religious, moral, and political, we are not surprised to find claims set up for the female sex, unsupported we must say by prescription, but we are justified in saying by reason. Mrs. R. avows herself of the school of Wollstonecroft; and that is enough for all who have any regard to decency, order, or prudence, to avoid her company. She has traveled for her improvement; and what are the blessed fruits of her travels? Let the motley list of heroines subjoined to this letter, and the anecdotes of female characters, of all descriptions, interspersed in it, speak for themselves. (Randall 1) This is an illustration of how men felt at this time. This also shows that not everyone was inclined to recognize the new subjects. (The Mrs. R refers to Mary Robinson a contemporary of Wolstonecraft) One of the most intriguing works we read was â€Å"The Lady of Shalott.† This poem was in long form but it captured life in a different light. The poem depicts women looking at life only through a mirror. She watches her whole existence through the mirror, until she finally needs to see with her own eyes what has happened. The meaning of this poem can be interpreted in many ways. One way is that woman are watching the world pass them by without trying to taking part in everyday actions. Another area in which women were making their mark was writing the literature. Mary Wollstonecraft started the chain of events. She was one of the first women noticed for her writings. Her daughter Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley made great strides as a writer also at this time. These authors also made women more human. Women, not only did they cook and clean but also they even did other things. The third area to look at when addressing new subjects is God. There were many writings on the role of God before this period. The Bible being the best example tells of God the friend and God the punisher. William Blake illustrates poetry best in relation to God. The two poems that gave us the best look at, the two different versions of, God are â€Å"The Lamb† and â€Å"The Tyger.† In these two poems Blake takes two very different views. The lamb is the traditional symbol for the flock of God. He challenges the idea of Christ the lamb with the repetitive nature. He repeatedly asks the question â€Å"who made thee?† referring to who created a creature like the lamb (Norton 29). In the â€Å"Tyger† the same question of â€Å"who made thee?† comes up (Norton 37). This vicious animal and hunter is he too one of Gods creatures. This asks the question â€Å"What king of immortal hand or eye/ could frame thy fearful symmetry?† The questioning of what kind of god made you, the lamb and tyger. Then the next question asked is â€Å"Did he who made the lamb make thee?† seemingly the answer being yes it is the same god. Blake seems to question God several times within his poetry. The next one that sticks out particularly is â€Å"The Divine Image† where he continues to question what God really is. â€Å"To mercy, Pity, Peace and Love† sets the tone for the rest of the poem. He tells of how we are all God's children so we better be good to one another. He stresses the idea of equality here. There are also two stories that come to mind when discussing God as a new subject. The first is the â€Å"Rime of the Ancient Mariner† by Samuel Colleridge. In this short story we see a man on a journey. His journey starts not at the beginning of the trip to the South Pole, but it begins when he kills a bird. He shoots it with a crossbow. The symbolism behind the crossbow may mean he killed Jesus. Then when He goes through all the pains and anguish, he is forgiven for killing one of God's creatures. The next story that comes to expresses God in the area of new subjects is Frankenstein by Mary Shelly. This novel shows God in a very different light. Victor is shown as a God because he has created a creature outside of his own blood. Victor is faced with a choice whether or not to destroy or create a new creature. The Frankenstein book looked at the idea of God in a new fashion. Shelly tries to show us that our obsessions draw great light upon us. Mary Shelley shows how our obsessions draw light upon us in two ways. If we are obsessed with doing something when it happens we are let down. The second way that obsession affects us is that if we do not do something it may kill us. There were many new subjects that were addressed by Romantic poets and authors alike in regards to new subjects. The subject area of children is still being explored today. Once the subject area of children was opened the writing world has not been the same. In the area of women Vindication came when that work was published. It did not free women but gave them rights that they had not ever had before. In the area of God there was a great deal of questioning taking place. The entrance of Darwin and its legitimization raised questions pertaining to god. These new subjects were vital to the Romantic period and every piece of writing afterward.

Relationship Values essays

Relationship Values essays In the novel A Separate Peace, John Knowles shows one friend, Gene, destroying his other friend, Phineas, based on competitiveness. There are many themes presented in the novel. Some of these are maturing from adolescence, destruction from competitiveness, and separating fantasy and reality. One of the novels major themes is that relationships provide moral values, which molds a person into what they become in the future. This idea is shown through the pessimistic to optimistic views of life, naturalist behavior to independent behavior, poor decision maker to an astute decision maker, and knowledge analyzing capabilities gains from a child to an adult. The pessimistic views as a child improves to optimistic views as an adult. Gene states that there is no rivalry between Phineas and him (51), right before he realizes there is one on top of the tree. He believes that Phineas was a threat, who wants him to fail at being valedictorian, therefore Gene jounces the limb to get rid of him. Rather than looking at Phineas as a leader, who wants to lead him to victory, he looks at him pessimistically and believes he is a threat. Then in the end of the novel, Gene confesses how Phineas is molded into his personality (194). Gene realizes how Phineas was a positive person to look up to, rather than a negative threat to look down upon. Genes optimistic views of Phineas are a realistic example of the major theme. The naturalist behavior as a child changes to an independent behavior as an adult. The first time Gene jumps out of the tree, he did it just because Phineas asks him to (24). Gene as a child was a naturalist, because he was more of a follower than a leader, he went with the crowd, just like Leper. Then in the end of the novel, Gene as an adult walks to the most significant areas of the school, where he wants to ...

Race and Your Community

Race and Your Community Free Online Research Papers My community is seven miles outside of Boston, Massachusetts. I live in a town, which can technically be classified as a city, due to the size of it. My town still tries to hold on to very old-school, traditional ways. The community tends to the elderly, does not have a liquor store, nor, are restaurants allowed to sell alcohol, other than a select few. All gas stations in the town are full-service and everything closes at 10:00 p.m.. The old-school mentality of my community still attributes to racism; although, in today’s world the racism goes un-heard and un-seen. Racism is not just the belief that one race is superior to others, but the act of negatively identifying individuals based on the color of their skin. An outsider looking into my community; one could classify it as a very cookie-cutter town. For being so close to the city, you would think it would have a more diverse feel. It is considered a liberal town. Mothers are mainly stay-at-home moms; there are three elite, private secondary schools in my town, and a Starbucks on every corner. So, as for as looks goes, it is a mainly white town, with a suburban feel. The members of my town that are in the 25-35 age bracket all look the same. Walking into the center of my town, you would notice there is not a tremendous difference among people. The girls all shop at the same stores and look very similar. The clothes are trendy, yet liberal. The girls are mainly petite, or tall, and thin. I feel that because Boston is so close, it attributes to the girls in my town to be stylish and body conscious. Unfortunately, those that look different are usually due to them not â€Å"looking the part.† Whether that be over-weight, looks, or the way they dress. It is actually sad but not entirely unexpected when Boston is a young, well-educated city. I notice that the leaders are just as cookie-cutter as the people that live in the town. They leaders are people that have lived in the town for all of their life. The ones that work in town hall have been working there for 20+ years. The leaders are very much involved in town safety and after school curricular activities for students. Having attended some town activities and met a few town leaders they seem to welcome everyone. I do not really buy into town politics all that much, so I have an inability to really believe them whole-heartedly. I feel the leaders like how the town has a reputation for keeping a lot of old-school traditions and want to make sure that it stays that way. As a member of the town, I can not really say how I have noticed them treating people who are different. There really is not an over-abundance of other cultures in my town. I feel the leaders appreciate the money that their restaurant brings into the town. My town has any type of ethnic restaurant available. I feel that this is the leader’s way of seeming like the welcome anyone with open arms. I feel that the members of my community treat others that fit the norm respectfully. I notice it when I conduct my personal business in the center of town. You can walk down the street and people say â€Å"hi† to you as you pass by. I have never really put much thought into how people of my town treat people are like me. When conducting the research for this paper I noticed how the clothing stores in the town would treat me and others in their store. They are overly nice and gracious. I guess it should not come to any shock as they knew we’re probably going to be spending some money in their store. I took notice though that at any one particular time the majority of the visitors happened to be white. There is no real blatant disrespect that takes place in my town towards people that are different. I feel that people in my town just think of people of different nationalities and/or cultures as a minority. The people of the town do not really have a concern about â€Å"blacks† coming in and taking over the town. There is no real concern of Asians, Mexicans, or Latino groups coming into the town and ruining the shiny image the town upholds to the neighboring towns. So for that reason, the very few minorities that do live in the town are treated with mutual respect. After taking some time to observe my local media stations to see what the people looked, I came to the realization that they are really not that different from me. The media stations in Boston seem to represent what I had early said. The residents of Boston are predominately young, so, the media portrays that of a younger culture. All the woman are very nicely dressed but in a trendy way. I feel they try to grab the attention of the young woman in the area. All of the media woman are no older than 40, if that. The men are also around the same age bracket. They are handsome, athletic, humorous, and intelligent. The media in Boston is funny. Each station tries to seem hip to what is going on in the town. They have various segments about food, cultural things that are going on in the town, and the all important, sports. Boston media knows that in order to represent people like myself they need to be at Red Sox games, Patriot games, and other various college sporting events around the city. Each media person speaks of their own account of the game. That is their way of making someone like me have a common similarity with them. It is quite charming considering half of Boston media did not even grow up in the area. Some similarities among people who are in leadership positions in my community mainly come from the same nationalities as I do. It is interesting to find out that most leaders in my community are either Italian or Irish. That is not entirely a far stretch considering that Boston has a huge Irish/Italian population. The leaders in my community are Irish old-timers that still follow strict customs. Among the customs that are most important is family. Coming from an Irish/Italian background I can relate to the leaders in that regard. Although, having grown up that way, I also know there is huge underlining discrimination against those of other nationalities. I just so happens I forced myself to look outside of my culture and take the time to learn about others. Perhaps it was acceptable to be racist back when my parents were in their early 20’s but I never wanted to carry around distain towards someone just because of their skin color. I feel that the leaders in my community have some of that underlining distain; the same that my parents had. Minority group interests are represented within my community. I feel that it is mainly done to keep up this faà §ade that Boston is such a well-rounded community. Boston is seen as a liberal city and the leaders want more than anything to keep up that persona. Boston has a large gay population, African-American, Hispanic, Middle-East, and South-East Asian community. Unfortunately, you do not notice that the city is so diverse unless you visit there areas in which those â€Å"groups† congregate and hang out in. Boston has various parades for nationalities but only â€Å"their† community. The gay pride parade only travels through a few blocks that are frequently traveled by gay people in the area. I feel that because I am such an open-minded person, I would like to change the inequities among gay people in my area. I feel that gays have the hardest time living a healthy, normal life. I have plenty of gay friends that are normal people. They are limited to number of gay bars that are in the area. If you visit San Francisco that would not be the case at all; but because Boston just wants to be seen a well educated city, they are limited to the number of bars were there would be people just like them. If I could change anything, I would increase the number of gay bars in the area and make them feel more welcome in the community. Instead of having the Gay Pride Parade travel through a limited area; I would have it travel throughout more parts of the city. Basically, anyone that does not fit into what is considered â€Å"mainstream† is going to have a hard time, compared to those that do. It is unfortunate and it should not have to be that way. I fall into the category of fitting in. I do not know what it is like to walk down the street and have people look at me because I am black or that I wear a turban. I can only imagine that the feeling is not that good and quite upsetting. Hopefully, at some point in my lifetime no one is going to care what color skin you have, or, that you are gay. Racism though is something that is imbedded in you at a young age. It is when you become an adult that you have the choice to want to expand your mind to other cultures. Little do some people know that it can be an interesting journey. Research Papers on Race and Your CommunityWhere Wild and West MeetNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This Nice19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraThe Spring and AutumnHip-Hop is ArtPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyQuebec and CanadaHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionCapital PunishmentStandardized Testing

Sally Hemings Her Relationship With Thomas Jefferson

Sally Hemings Her Relationship With Thomas Jefferson An important note on terms: the term mistress refers to a woman who lived with and was sexually involved with a married man. It does not always imply that the woman did so voluntarily or was completely free to make the choice; women through the ages have been pressured or forced into being mistresses of powerful men. If it was true and examine the evidence outlined below that Sally Hemings had children by Thomas Jefferson, it is also undoubtedly true that she was enslaved by Jefferson (for all but a brief time in France) and that she had no legal ability to choose whether or not to have a sexual relationship with him. Thus, the often-used meaning of mistress in which the woman chooses to have a relationship with a married man would not apply. In the Richmond Recorder in 1802, James Thomson Callendar first began to publicly allege that Thomas Jefferson kept one of his slaves as his concubine and fathered children with her. The name of SALLY will walk down to posterity alongside Mr. Jeffersons own name, Callendar wrote in one of his articles on the scandal. Who Was Sally Hemings? What is known of Sally Hemings? She was a slave owned by Thomas Jefferson, inherited through his wife Martha Wayles Skelton Jefferson (October 19/30, 1748 - September 6, 1782) when her father died. Sallys mother Betsy or Betty was said to be the daughter of a black slave woman and a white ship captain; Betsys children were said to have been fathered by her owner, John Wayles, making Sally a half-sister of Jeffersons wife. From 1784, Sally apparently served as a maid and companion of Mary Jefferson, Jeffersons youngest daughter. In 1787, Jefferson, serving the new United States government as a diplomat in Paris, sent for his younger daughter to join him, and Sally was sent with Mary. After a brief stop in London to stay with John and Abigail Adams, Sally and Mary arrived in Paris. Why Do People Think Sally Hemings Was Jefferson's Mistress? Whether Sally (and Mary) lived at the Jefferson apartments or the convent school is uncertain. What is fairly certain is that Sally took French lessons and may also have trained as a laundress. What is certain is that in France, Sally was free according to French law. What is alleged, and not known except by implication, is that Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings began an intimate relationship in Paris, Sally returning to the United States pregnant, Jefferson promising to free any of her (their) children when they reached the age of 21. What little evidence there is of a child born to Sally after her return from France is mixed: some sources say the child died quite young (the Hemings family tradition). What is more certain is that Sally had six other children. Their birth dates are recorded in Jeffersons Farm Book or in letters he wrote. DNA tests in 1998, and a careful rendering of the birth dates and Jeffersons well-documented travels puts Jefferson at Monticello during a conception window for each of the children born to Sally. The very light skin and the resemblance of several of Sallys children to Thomas Jefferson were remarked upon by a good number of those who were present at Monticello. Other possible fathers were either eliminated by the 1998 DNA tests on male-line descendants (the Carr brothers) or dismissed because of internal inconsistencies in the evidence. For example, an overseer reported seeing a man (not Jefferson) coming from Sallys room regularly but the overseer did not start working at Monticello until five years after the time of those visits. Sally served, probably, as a chambermaid at Monticello, also doing light sewing. The affair was revealed publicly by James Callender after Jefferson refused him a job. There is no reason to believe she left Monticello until after Jeffersons death when she went to live with her son Eston. When Eston moved away, she spent her last two years living on her own. There is some evidence that he asked his daughter, Martha, to give Sally her time, an informal way to free a slave in Virginia which would prevent the imposition of the 1805 Virginia law requiring freed slaves to move out of the state. Sally Hemings is recorded in the 1833 census as a free woman. Bibliography Sally Hemings: Redefining History. A video from AE/Biography: Here is the complete story of the woman at the center of the first presidential sex scandal. (DVD or VHS)Jeffersons Secrets: Death and Desire in Monticello.  Andrew Burstein, 2005.  (compare prices)Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings: An American Controversy: Annette Gordon-Reed and Midori Takagi, reprint 1998.  (compare prices)Sally Hemings and Thomas Jefferson: History, Memory, and Civic Culture: Jan Lewis, Peter S. Onuf, and Jane E. Lewis, editors, 1999.  (compare prices)Thomas Jefferson: An Intimate History: Fawn M. Brodie, trade paperback, reprint 1998.A President in the Family: Thomas Jefferson, Sally Hemings, and Thomas Woodson: Byron W. Woodson, 2001.(compare prices)Sally Hemings: An American Scandal: The Struggle to Tell the Controversial True Story.  Tina Andrews, 2002.Anatomy of a Scandal: Thomas Jefferson and the Sally Story.  Ã‚  Rebecca L. McMurry, 2002.The Jefferson-Hemings Myth: An American Trave sty.  Ã‚  The Thomas Jefferson Heritage Society, Eyler Robert Coates Sr., 2001 The Jefferson Scandals: A Rebuttal.  Ã‚  Virginus Dabs, Reprint, 1991.Jeffersons Children: The Story of an American Family.  Shannon Lanier, Jane Feldman, 2000.   For young adults.Sally Hemings: Barbara Chase-Riboud, reprint 2000. Historical fiction.

Participant observation assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Participant observation assignment - Essay Example The employees are rushing up and down to ensure the increasing number of customers is served to satisfaction. The coffee shop is set up in cool and attractive environment with a relaxed ambiance convenient for all kinds of people. The sense of hygiene can be easily noticed by the clean floor made of stained concrete with further decorations of blue and magenta runner at the entrance. Towards the front are set four small round wooden tables each with two wooden chairs that have attractive brown cushions. At the back, one cannot fail to notice a leather couch that provides a perfect position to watch the television situated above the counter. Further relaxing environment is provided by the outside sitting place. Through the corridor leading to the outside place, there are posters and samples in small wooden shelves for the customers to take home. Two beautiful women converse in a low tone as they are waiting to be served at the counter. One of the ladies seems to be in her early thirties is wearing a short black skirt and a plain white blouse and carrying a brown handbag. The other lady is simple and seems to be in her late twenties. She is wearing blue jeans with college jacket that was buttoned not letting anyone see what she was wearing inside. "Next please" the barista whose name is Cristabel said in a soft, friendly voice. The two ladies moved close and made their order. At the couch, there are seated two men, Santi and Costa. They are talking in Spanish, and it is clear that they are speaking about what is in the news as they keep pointing to the television. They are workmates as they are wearing what seems to be work uniform with name tags on them. "Good morning guys, how is the coffee today?" One of the female workers was asking Santi and Costa as he was clearing their table. "It is great as usual. I will come for th e secret ingredient so that I can surprise my wife with an awesome

Standards and Standardization Research Paper Essay

Standards and Standardization Research Paper - Essay Example The international method and schemes that are used are applied to the methods and processes used for the creation and maintenance of content, the specific tools used for content creation and maintenance and the interoperability of the contents. The implementation of international standards and other standardization procedures has the effect of reducing the risks that may be met as well as improving the quality of goods and services that may be offered consequently improving an economy as well as the welfare of the society as a whole. Economists propose a mode of categorization of standards that can be based on the economic effects that come across that is useful in the analysis of both the economic forces that determine standardization as well as the impacts of the standardization. Therefore, it can be authoritatively argued that any standard enhances trade as they reduce asymmetries in information, show the consumers that there is quality and create a common basis of discussion for the partners involved in trade that has an effect in the reduction of costs incurred in transaction (Estevadeordal, Suominen and Teh 2009, p.251). International standards can be used to facilitate trade in terms of imports while national standards are essential in protecting domestic suppliers from competition from foreign markets and through this; consumers are protected as well as reduced costs for companies. In addition, due to the fact that industries rely more on a network of suppliers and differentiated value chains, international standards are an important element in the assessing the quality of products and the reduction of risks to both consumers and the suppliers. Swann (2010) states that there is a positive relationship between international standards and standardization of exports or imports whereby for national standards, the results are inconclusive while internationally it affects trade and the economies depending on their design and mode of implementation (Swann 2010 , p.6). Standardization is a voluntary, consensus-driven activity carried out by all interested parties and along with the code of mutually recognizing others, it plays a noteworthy role in the in the proper running of both the internal and international markets. Harmonization of standards helps ensure that there is a free movement of merchandises within the national and international markets thus making the businesses or enterprises to be more competitive in the market (Chrisdoulaki 2010, p.5). The standards set up by different criteria of standardization has got the beneficial effect of protecting the health and the safety of consumers of the products offered in the market place whether locally or internationally as well as the protection of the environment in which we live in. National/international Product Certification schemes Canadian Standards Association (CSA) The Standards Council of Canada whose main task is to improve and promote efficient as well as effective standardiza tion procedures for products and services used within Canada and internationally has accredits the Canadian Standards Association (CSA). It conducts both standardization and certification after which it awards the CSA certification mark when products meet the required safety and performance levels in its fifty-seven areas of operation. Within the arm bit of CSA group is the CSA International that tests

Summarizing the article with your opinion what AtlantiCare was working Essay

Summarizing the article with your opinion what AtlantiCare was working toward and if it would be successful - Essay Example AtlantiCare intends to become a successful ACO through coordination of healthcare and clinical outcomes of the patients it serves (HFMA, 2011). Secondly, the organization will work closely with its partners as well as the providers in order to establish defined clinical standards that will be appropriate and of high quality. Lastly, the organization intends to create new partnerships with some of the skilled nursing facilities and other providers as well as rehabilitation centers in order to create networks of high value. According to the vice president Schieder, AtlantiCare will move towards the accountable care by putting the patient experience at the lead of its goals. She is also of the idea that an organization cannot succeed if the people it serves are not at the centre of its framework. AtlantiCare has three key strategies to achieve its goals. One of the strategies adopted by AtlantiCare is launching a new lab for learning (HFMA, 2011). It will start a medical home from scratch citing that it is easier than transforming the existing ones. The reason is that the delivery, as well as the payment systems, will be redesigned simultaneously. The new model has the name â€Å"advanced primary care†, and according to the vice president, it has proven to be a better care. Another thing with the model is that it is linked to a few ED (emergency department) visits and hospital admissions. The second strategy involves identifying the patients’ needs. AtlantiCare recognizes the fact that patient experience is indeed important when it comes to growth and market share. The organization hopes to use surveys and focus groups to seek the patient inputs to help it create its ACO. It, however, identifies some challenges in monitoring its effectiveness in meeting all its needs. The last strategy is about using the satisfaction data in other new ways (HFMA, 2011). It involves directives to the physicians to standardize the

EVALUATING EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INQUIRY ASSIGNMENT Essay

EVALUATING EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INQUIRY ASSIGNMENT - Essay Example the way the NHS operates, by changing its focus from Health care and Treatment to Disease prevention and reduction (Robins, Hernà ¡n and Brumback, 2000). Measuring health and knowing about different indicators that influence and define health is critical in determining our point of view of health and how we cater the problems and issues that surround it, and naturally the information resulting from measurements regarding health helps in determining policies of local and national level (McDowell, 2006). It has been said that the income, employment and housing all play a very important role when it comes to mental health. (Rothman, Greenland, & Lash, 2008) Lewisham Public Health Annual report is prepared by Dr. Danny Ruta, the Director of Public Health for Lewisham. The annual report encompasses the changes implemented as a result of new JSNA process in 2011 and the study conducted by Ruta, in which he analyses the effects of the crisis and socio-economic factors on health and what these factors mean for health in Lewisham (Ruta, 2012). In the report, Ruta also presents suggestions to the shadow Health and Wellbeing Board in Lewisham. According to the statistics extracted from the Lewisham report it has been estimated that more than 500 additional people are mostly like to be a victim of mental illness and the main reason behind this being the on growing issue of unemployment. Unemployment has been found out to be an instigating factor for increase in mental illness. The unemployment rate has boosted the rate of mental illness among people. (MacMahon and Trichopoulos, 1996) The study revolves around the effects of the â€Å"great recession† on the socio-economic conditions in the UK and the resulting consequences of these conditions on the health of people in Lewisham (Ruta, 2012). It has also been found out that Lewisham residents will be affected by the changes in a very disproportionate manner. Due to change in the salaries, employment rate and other housing

Business perposal Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Business perposal - Research Paper Example It provides catering services delivering various kinds of delicious food items to the plates of the customers. The business in this regard specializes in vegetarian food items and non-vegetarian food items as well. In addition, according to the request of the customer the company also renders its services in terms of continental food items at a competitive price in the market (Hirshleifer & Et. Al., 2005). Apart from catering services the company, also organizes event for its customers belonging to the commercial and the general market as well. In this case, the company manages the event location, the decorative measures, and both the fooding and lodging services if demanded. In addition, the company also renders transport services to its customers while organizing such event. Moreover, the company specializes in organizing small or big events in various occasions, but excels in organizing business conferences. The company renders its services in various price ranges considering the comfortability of the customers and the competitive environment in which the business firm operates. Consequently, the prices are based on certain variables, such as the total number of guests, the food items selected to be served on the occasion, the venue of the event, and the time duration of the event that can range from a half day to even two days. Based on all these variables, the average pricing structure of the company ranges from a minimum of $25 per person and a maximum of $140 per person for general customers. However, for the commercial customers the pricing structure ranges from $30 per person to $220 per person (Hamster Internet, Inc., 2011). Notably, the pricing structure mentioned above does not include extra charges of tip, i.e. inclining the customers’ to their discretion. The additional charges also take account of taxation adhering to the legal rules and regulations prescribed by the regulatory bodies. The services in this regard not only accounts the

EVALUATING EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INQUIRY ASSIGNMENT Essay

EVALUATING EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INQUIRY ASSIGNMENT - Essay Example the way the NHS operates, by changing its focus from Health care and Treatment to Disease prevention and reduction (Robins, Hernà ¡n and Brumback, 2000). Measuring health and knowing about different indicators that influence and define health is critical in determining our point of view of health and how we cater the problems and issues that surround it, and naturally the information resulting from measurements regarding health helps in determining policies of local and national level (McDowell, 2006). It has been said that the income, employment and housing all play a very important role when it comes to mental health. (Rothman, Greenland, & Lash, 2008) Lewisham Public Health Annual report is prepared by Dr. Danny Ruta, the Director of Public Health for Lewisham. The annual report encompasses the changes implemented as a result of new JSNA process in 2011 and the study conducted by Ruta, in which he analyses the effects of the crisis and socio-economic factors on health and what these factors mean for health in Lewisham (Ruta, 2012). In the report, Ruta also presents suggestions to the shadow Health and Wellbeing Board in Lewisham. According to the statistics extracted from the Lewisham report it has been estimated that more than 500 additional people are mostly like to be a victim of mental illness and the main reason behind this being the on growing issue of unemployment. Unemployment has been found out to be an instigating factor for increase in mental illness. The unemployment rate has boosted the rate of mental illness among people. (MacMahon and Trichopoulos, 1996) The study revolves around the effects of the â€Å"great recession† on the socio-economic conditions in the UK and the resulting consequences of these conditions on the health of people in Lewisham (Ruta, 2012). It has also been found out that Lewisham residents will be affected by the changes in a very disproportionate manner. Due to change in the salaries, employment rate and other housing

Distinguish between potential and economic growth and discuss the main Essay

Distinguish between potential and economic growth and discuss the main factors determining each - Essay Example Also, is it important that this ability of supply is always realised? This paper will attempt to answer these questions. Take a look at an economy’s business cycle1 showing the potential and the actual growth. It can be seen that there are some discrepancies in the actual and the potential. The Long Run Aggregate Supply curve can be shown as a vertical line in the graph. This figure depicts a yearly increase in the potential output of an economy, which consequently pushes the LRAS to over to the right also. It must be noted also that the progressive increase in Real GDP results in equitable increases in the rightward shift of the LRAS. So what causes the shift in the LRAS? These are described below: The labour force can be described as all the people, 163 years of age and above, who are either employed somewhere, or are actively seeking employment (Labour force, 2005). Retirement age4 also affects the number of employable people in the market. The birth rates and the death rates in a country play a major role in determining the size of available workforce, and also for making predictions for the future. For example, India, the second most populated nation of the world, has a steadily increasing birth rate, which predicts that the nation has and will have a surplus of available labour. Contrarily, most nations in Western Europe, for example Switzerland, have a decreasing birth rate, displaying the nation is likely to face a labour shortage. To match these, immigration5 plays a very important role. The chart displays the dependence that developed economies have on the developing world, esp. Asia, to fulfil their labour gaps. The reasons for immigration might be religious or political, but most importantly they are economic (Fairchild p145), where a person believes that he will be able to have a better chance of matching economic returns to the effort and labour he puts into his work and thus lead a better live with a higher standard of living. This

Life of a Chinese Farmer Essay Example for Free

Life of a Chinese Farmer Essay If I were a Chinese farmer in 2006 I would be continuing my livelihood that I have done all of my life even when I was a child helping my family. I later got married and I now have 6 children ranging in age from 4 to 18. We all live in a village called Xinzhuang (Village of Xin) in China. This is a farming village that is about 1481.3 miles outside of Shanguani, China that is the closest well known city. My typical day starts out at 7:15 AM when I get up and eat breakfast with my family and then I go out into the garden and pick the vegetables that are ready and we use these vegetables for our dinner that evening. Then I have time to do some other things around the house including laundry and household repairs that need to be completed. Our normal meals consist of rice and vegetables unless I have the money to purchase some meat from one of the small shops in the village. For entertainment we normally visit with others in the village, sing songs, and occasionally we are able to access the internet, and watch television. The biggest concerns that I have for my family is are we going to have enough food and is our farm going to be taken over and built on so that we don’t have enough room to grow our vegetables. I also worry about my family and their health because we do not have a doctor in our village. We must travel to Shanguani for any healthcare issues that arise with our family. REFERENCES www.chinatoday.com/entertain/entertain.htm www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2004-11/19/content393991.htm

Analysis of Knowledge Based Economies

Analysis of Knowledge Based Economies DEFINITION AND THEORY OF KNOWLEDGE BASED ECONOMY â€Å"The weakness or even complete absence,of definition, is actually pervasive in the literature†¦ this is one of the many imprecisions that make the notion of â€Å"knowledge economy† so rhetorical rather than analytically useful† [1] 1. What is Knowledge Economy or Knowledge Based Economy? As Keith Smith puts it rather succinctly, the question itself comes across as rhetorical. There is no dearth of publications, texts or studies on Knowledge economy, but defining it has seldom been the prominent feature of such literature. This may be attributed to the fact that the concepts of knowledge economy or knowledge worker are difficult to pin down. As a report of CERI Washington Forum, June 1999 put it â€Å"the science of describing, understanding, and measuring knowledge will always be an imperfect one. The knowledge identified in this forum turned out to be capricious: sometimes sticky, often slippery, rarely tangible, frequently tacit, and extremely heterogeneous†.[2] This has resulted that the knowledge economy and knowledge worker are often taken as self-evident and in some cases are not tested against hard data. This also then implies that Knowledge is an abstract notion, which is constantly and continual ly being defined. â€Å"Knowledge† is perhaps the simplest of words and yet one of the most cumbersome to explain. This is primarily due to its paradoxically straightforward and simple syntax and yet its profound vastness in terms of its semantics, as its concept has evolved and escalated over millenniums of human existence. Albeit the abstractness and the intangibles associated with knowledge economy, there emerge certain definitions which aid in the understanding of the concept. 2.  Defining Knowledge.â€Å"Knowledge† can briefly be described as a person’s understanding of something or the information he/she has about something. Knowledge is what is known. It is a ‘noun’ that has synonyms, such as ‘cognition’ and ‘noesis’. Like the related concepts of truth, belief, and wisdom, there is no single definition of knowledge on which scholars agree, but rather numerous theories and continued debate exists about the nature of knowledge. In fact â€Å"knowledge† has numerous meanings, as given in dictionary. Oxford Dictionary defines knowledge as awareness, familiarity, facts, information, and skills acquired through experience or education; person’s range of information; or the theoretical or practical understanding of a subject[3]. It is the state of knowing something, the familiarity, awareness or understanding acquired through experience or study, the sum of what has been perceived, discovered or learned, or simply, the specific information about something or someone. Peter F. Drucker has also given a functional definition of knowledge, referring to it as information that changes something or somebody – either by becoming grounds for actions, or by making an individual (or an institution) capable of different or more effective action. But finally, in a more global sense, one might say that knowledge is reliable information that can be put to work in the service of all men, and which can be communicated in comprehensible ways, so that people everywhere can become more self-reliant and self-sufficient. 3.  Knowledge as an Economic Good. It is common knowledge today that disparities in the productivity and growth of different countries have less to do with their lack or abundance of natural resources than with their ability to improve their quality of human resources and other factors of production. The World Development Report 1999 states: ‘For countries in the vanguard of the world economy, the balance between knowledge and resources has shifted so far towards the former that knowledge has become perhaps the most important factor determining the standard of living more than land, than tools, than labour’. Today knowledge and technology are two of the key-factors of production. In fact, knowledge is considered to be the basic form of capital, and economic growth is understood to be driven by the accumulation of knowledge. 4. A knowledge based economy therefore can be defined as an economy that creates, disseminates uses knowledge to enhance its growth development. A country’s success in the knowledge-based economy depends on the creation, acquisition, dissemination application of knowledge. Knowledge creation depends on the intensity of research development (RD) conducted in a country, the availability of human resources needed for RD. 5. Knowledge acquisition is reflected in intellectual content embedded in imports from other knowledge-based economies. Linguistic skills will help to plug into the global knowledge network. Knowledge dissemination depends on the resources allocated to develop information infrastructure, basic information technology (IT) linguistic skills to tap into the information -communication technology (ICT) network. 6. Finally, knowledge application is reflected in an economy’s job market that demands and allows workers to apply knowledge extensively and its ability to create new business models for generating, acquiring, diffusing applying new ideas processes. 7. The best exponent of knowledge economy and its theory has been Peter Drucker. He apparently first used the phrase â€Å"the knowledge economy† in his 1969 book The Age of Discontinuity.[4] Thirty-two years later, still going strong, Drucker wrote in the November 2001 edition of The Economist: ‘The next society will be a knowledge society. Knowledge will be its key resource, and knowledge workers will be the dominant group in its workforce. Its three main characteristics will be:- (a) Borderlessness, because knowledge travels even more effortlessly than money. (b) Upward mobility, available to everyone through easily acquired formal education. (c) The potential for failure as well as success. Anyone can acquire the â€Å"means of production,† i.e., the knowledge required for the job, but not everyone can win.’[5] 8. But because of the varied ways in which knowledge-economy is interpreted, testable definitions of this term are difficult to state. Some more definitions of Knowledge based economies are given below:- (a)  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The idea of the knowledge-driven economy is not just a description of high-tech  industries. It describes a set of new sources of competitive advantage, which can apply  to all sectors, all companies and all regions, from agriculture and retailing to software and biotechnology† – Charles Leadbeater[6] (b)  Ã¢â‚¬ËœWe define the knowledge-economy as production and services based on knowledge intensive activities that contribute to an accelerated pace of technical and scientific advance, as well as rapid obsolescence. The key-component of a knowledge- economy is a greater reliance on intellectual capabilities than on physical inputs or natural resources’- Carlaw, Oxley Walker, 2006.[7] (c)  An economy whose growth momentum and competitive advantage are driven by dynamic investment in intellectual capital and innovative R D, with deep structural, institutional and organizational implications. [8] 9. Reading through these definitions, a few essentials of a knowledge-driven economy become quite clear ie:- (a) Innovation is a permanent feature. (b) It is an economy of networks at different hierarchical levels. (c) It embodies new forms of organization that involve industrial cooperation, polarization and relations between public and private sectors. (d) Human-capital plays a fundamental role, and the capacity to learn is more important that the level of knowledge. (e) Codified and distributed tacit-knowledge is useful. (f) Proliferation of information-related activities is evident in all sectors of the economy. Tratitional versus Knowledge Based Economy.The basic difference between a traditional knowledge-based economy is that the former depends on quantitative factors such as labour, raw materials, premises bulk transportation, among others, whereas the latter relies more on qualitative factors, namely, qualifications, RD good infrastructure. Resource-driven economies sometimes depend on a protectionist environment, whereas knowledge-based economies thrive in a friendly open policy environment, on innovation qualified lab. If the economy means traditionally the science of rarity; resources rarity versus multiple and unlimited needs, the knowledge economy in light of digital technology is an economy of abundance. This is attributed to the fact that knowledge cannot be consumed or exhausted. Rather it multiplies through the transfer to other knowledge. Whereas traditional economy resources are consumables and finite. 10.Pillars of Knowledge based Economy. There are four pillars of a knowledge based economy on it rests, sustains and prospers. These four pillars carry the equal amount of responsibility and are therefore the roots of knowledge based economy. These are:- (a)  Information Infrastructure.It deals with things like effective communication, information processing and spreading knowledge.(World Bank Team 2006) (b)  Economic and Institutional Regime (EIR).It provides benefits in terms of finance for the creation and development of knowledge and also for Knowledge reuse. (c)  Education.This pillar is one of the most important since well educated and skilled people are the main sources for using and creating knowledge effectively. (d)  Innovation.It consists of design, development and diffusion of a technology which is new to society concerned.[9] CHAPTER III KNOWLEDGE BASED ECONOMIES OF THE WORLD AND INDIAN CONTEXT â€Å"Throughout all the years and in everything we do, we have focused most of all on the development of human capacity, beginning with our own professional staff, and leveraging their expertise to enrich the Arab community. We have embraced the concept of the ‘knowledge worker’ and have sought to empower our people and the Arab world’s people to dream, to imagine, and to create.† Talal Abu-Ghazaleh[10] The Singapore Study.â€Å"ALTHOUGH the pace may differ, all [rich] economies are moving towards a knowledge based economy.† The OECD made this claim in 1996 and few disagree.Case in point is Singapore. The Singapore economy grew at an average annual rate of 8.5 % from 1965 to 1997 before the regional financial crisis of 1997-98. It overcame the crisis but then had to reinvent itself in order to meet the challenges of the twenty first century and maintain its record of sustained, rapid growth. Small size clubbed with lack of natural resources brought in critical labour shortages cost rise. This forced an upgrade with focus shifting to knowledge operations. Today Singapore’s status as a most admired knowledge-based city reflects how government policies have successfully negotiated the current global network economy to suit economic changes. Since the independence of Singapore in 1965, the government has successfully deployed technocrats, mainly economists and engineers wh o use their professional and technical skills in government to create and manage economic systems that will further the general good. And government policies at each phase of Singapore’s development have contributed to crafting the Singaporean culture. In recent years, for examples, Singapore’s commitment to knowledge-based economy (KBE) development has won her recognition for being the most admired knowledge city (MAKCi) in the World Capital Institute and Teleos ranking for the two years running in 2007 and 2008. With a population of 5 million and a per capita income of US$48,979[11], the government has successfully funded the growth of industrial parks focused on nurturing innovation in technology and biotech. Singapores universities receive extensive support from the government, helping to make the country an attractive destination for multinationals seeking a well-educated workforce. It has been ranked consistently amongst the top 25 in the World Bank’s Knowledge Economy Index (KEI) in recent years, numbering 23rd in 2012 World Bank comparisons. In a recent survey conducted by its Boston Consulting Group (BCG) consultants, Singapore was featured as one of the world’s most innovation-friendly countries in terms of both inputs (government policies supporting education, workforce quality, infrastructure, and trade) and performance (RD results, business performance, employment growth, and other impacts of innovation). It was ranked as number two in the Global Competitiveness Inde x of the World Economic Forum for 2012 – 2013 behind Switzerland and ahead of Finland, Sweden and the Netherlands[12] and number 4 in the Bloomberg’s Best Countries for doing Business Ratings for 2014[13]. The impressive economic growth record of Singapore in the last four decades has been achieved through continuous industrial re-structuring and technological upgrading (Wong, 2001).Singapore has continuously relied primarily on knowledge transfers through MNCs and foreign talents (Toh et al., 2002). Since the late 1990s, the Singapore government has forged an environment that is conducive to innovations, new discoveries and the creation of new knowledge and one that harnesses the intangibles such as ideas, knowledge and expertise (Ministry of the Arts and Information, Renaissance City Report, 2000). The Singapore experience, however, represents one of few examples of how knowledge can become the driving force of economic growth and transformation. Singapore’s i nformation society development trends have been shaped by its developmental state (Wong, 2004) and in the past decade, the Singapore government is keen to use content and creativity to enter the next wave of development in the so-called ‘creative economy’. [1] Keith Smith. What is the Knowledge Economy? Knowledge Intensity and Distributed Knowledge Bases,  Institute for New Technologies Discussion Paper 2002-6, The United Nations University,  June 2002). [2] John F. Kennedy and Europe by Douglas G. Brinkley and Richard T. Griffiths and Theodore C. Sorensen [3] Oxford Dictionary p 419. [4] Peter F. Drucker, The Age of Discontinuity: Guidelines to Our Changing Society (New York: Harper and Row, 1969). [5] Peter F. Drucker, â€Å"The Next Society,† The Economist (November 1, 2001), http://www.economist.com/node/770819. [6] Charles Leadbeater Welcome to the Knowledge Society, theguardian.com, http://www.theguardian.com/books/2000/feb/01/livingonthinair.extract [7] Beyond The Hype: Intellectual Property And The Knowledge Society/Knowledge Economy Kenneth Carlaw, Les Oxley, Paul Walker, Article first published online: 30 AUG 2006 in ournal of Economic Surveys Volume 20, Issue 4, pages 633–690, September 2006. [8] Business Outlook Michel Henry Bouchet CERAM International Workshop Seminar (2008) [9] http://ratnadholakia.blogspot.in/2010/01/what-is-knowledge-economy.html [10] Talal Abu-Ghazaleh is the chairman and founder of the international Jordan-based organisation, the Talal Abu-Ghazaleh Organization. [11] Singapore Yearbook of Statistics, 2012 [12] WEF: The Global Competitiveness Index Report, 2014-2015, Table 3, page 12. [13] http://www.bloomberg.com/slideshow/2014-01-21/best-countries-for-business-2014.html#slide18

Presidents :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Environmental issues, and policies have recently come to the for-front of American politics in the past four decades. This recent rise in the environment is due in part to the rapid boom in population in the past 40 years. The two major party candidates for the 2000 presidential election have keyed in on certain environmental issues to make strong arguments for the presidency. Gov. George W. Bush, who is the republican presidential candidate, is pretty much anti-environmental, but the rich people love him. Vice President Al Gore, who is the democratic presidential candidate, is in favor of conserving the environment, he also has his devoted group of followers. Their environmental concerns are one of the many reasons that they have our country going in chaotic state of being.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gov. George W. Bush claims to be committed to a new era of environmental protection. Some of his proposals include: The redevelopment of abandoned contaminated industrial facilities, known as â€Å"brownfields.† Directing the EPA to establish high standards for brown field cleanups. These higher standards will provide a lot more flexibility that the current Superfund standards. They will also fully protect human health and the environment. Gov. Bush believes that prosperity is meaningless without a healthy environment. But problems arise when leaders rely on Washington for regulation and dictation for environmental issues from afar. For that reason, as President, Bush will set high standards, and work to build conservation partnerships between the federal government and the state governments, local communities and private landowners to meet and exceed those standards. Another major issue is the Kyoto protocol. Bush believes that the Kyoto Protocol is ineffe ctive, inadequate and unfair to America. The Kyoto Protocol, according to Bush exempts 80 percent of the world, including major population centers like China and India from falling in line. Bush, will also the new Tier II standards that will require lower sulfur, cleaner-burning gasoline and cleaner cars. From Bush’s standpoint the local and state governments best handle land management decisions. The challenges of urban sprawl draw attention to the need to give a new lease of life to our inner cities, through improved public schools, cleaning up and redeveloping brownfields, reduced urban crime rates and creating a strong, healthy economic environment that supports job creation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Vice President Al Gore has made the environment his signature issue. He has challenged America to make the next ten years the Environmental Decade-making extraordinary progress in cleaning our air, water and soil; cracking down on polluters; developing cleaner sources of energy and curbing the risk of global climate change.

Behaviourist Thoery Essay

E.L.Thorndike(1874-1949) was the chief exponent of th theory of connectionism or trial and error. He was an American Psychologist who conducted Stimulus – Response(S-R) theory experiment with the help of animals. Thorndike was the first to study the subject of learning systematically using standardized procedure and apparatus. All learning, according to Thorndike is the formation of bonds or connections between Stimulus- Response. The Puzzle Box Experiment Thorndike’s Experiment on cat in the puzzle is widely known and often quoted in psychology of learning. The experimental set up was very simple. A hungry cat was confined in a puzzle box and outside the box a dish of food was kept. The cat, in the box had to pull a string to come out of the box. The cat in the box made several random movement of jumping, dashing and running to get out of the box. The cat atlast succeeded in pulling the string. The door of the puzzle box opened, the cat came out and ate the food. He promtly put the cat to next trial. The cat again gave a lot of frantic behaviour but it soon succeeded in pulling the string. It repeated for several time, Thorndike noticed as the repetition increases the error also reduced i.e., Thorndike’s cat showed slow, gradual and continous improvement in performance over successive trials. He concluded that learning of cat in the puzzle box can be explained in term of formation of direct connectionism between stimulus and response. Features of Trial and Error Learning 1. Learning by trial and error is gradual process. 2. For learning to occur, the learner must be definitely motivated. 3. The learner makes random and variable response. 4. Some responses do lead to the goal (annoying response) 5. Some responses lead to the goal. (satisfying responses) 6. With the increase in number of trials the annoying responses will tend to be eliminated and the satisfying responses will be strengthened and repeated. 7. The time taken to perform the task (to repeat the satisfying response) decreases with successive trials. The experiment sum up the following in the process of learning: 1. Drive : In the present experiment, drive was hunger and was intensified with the sight of food. (motivation) 2. Goal : To get the food by getting out of the box.  3. Block: The cat was confined in the box with a closed door. 4. Random Movement: The cat, persistently, tried to get out of the box. 5. Chance of Success: As a result of this striving and random movement the cat, by chance, succeeded in opening the door. 6. Selection (of proper moevement) : Gradually the cat recognised the correct manipulation of latch. 7. Fixation: At last, the cat learned the proper way of opening the door by eliminating all the incorrect responses and fixing the only right responses. Through the experiment, Thorndike explains that the learning is nothing but the stamping in of correct responses and stamping out of incorrect responses through trial and error. Thorndike’s Laws of Learning i) Law of Readiness : The law states â€Å"When any conduction unit is ready to conduct, for it do so is satisfying. When a conduction unit is not ready to conduct. for it to conduct is annoying. When any conduction is ready to conduct, for it not to do so is annoying.† ii) Law of Effect: The law states â€Å"When a modifiable connection between a stimulus and response is made and is accompanied or followed by a satisfying state of affairs the strength of connection is increased. When a connection between stimulus and response is made and accompanied or followed by an annoying state of affairs , it strength decreases. iii) Law of Execise: The law states â€Å"Any response to a situation will, other things being equal, be more strongly connected with the situation in proportion to the number of times it has been connected with that situation and to the average vigour and duration of the connection.† The law has two sub parts: a) Law of Use and b) Law of Disuse a) Law of Use states that â€Å"When a modifiable connection is made between a situation and response that connection strength is increased if it is practised.† b) Law of Disuse states that â€Å"When a modifiable connection is not made between a situation and response, during a length of time, that connection’s strength is decreased.† This means, any act that is not practised for sometime gradually decays. Educational Implication 1. Thorndike’s theory emphasize the importance of motivation in learning. So learning should be made purposeful and goal directed. 2. It stresses the importance of mental readiness, meaningful practise and incentive in learning process. 3. The law of readiness implies that the teacher should prepare the minds of the students to be ready to accept the knowledge, skills and aptitudes before teaching the topic. 4. More and more opportunities should be given to the learners to use and repeat the knowledge they get in the classroom for effectiveness and longer retention. 5. To maintain learned connection for longer period, review of learned material is necessary. 6. The law of effect has called atention to the importance of motivation and reinforcement in learning. 7. In order to benefit from the mechanism of association in the learning process what is being taught at one situation should be linked with the past experience of the learner.

An Introspective Case Into James Joyce’s Araby Essay

He elegantly personifies the homes on North Richmond Street as â€Å"conscious of decent lives within them† which â€Å"gazed at one another with brown imperturbable faces. † And the street itself â€Å"blind† (Joyce Pg. 328). These first few lines of the short fiction tale â€Å"Araby† indicate exactly what the story entails. What desperately awaits the reader, in James Joyce’s discovering tale of a young boy who comes to terms with his repressively strict yet illusory living environment, is a true reflection of the Authors own experiences as a Dubliner. The narration is intertwined with thoughts of escapism from a forever mundane existence which lacks form and emotional freedom. Whether the transparent symbolism, which balances this reflection, is strictly of religious reference or of purely psychological creed is not the discussion at hand. In fact, it is merely a coming of age tale with a religious undertone as Joyce never disappoints to tie his perspective on religion and life into his fiction. Araby begins by describing the town of Dublin, Ireland as quite forlorn and despairing; a place that is not necessarily filled with adventure and spontaneity, as through the narrators subjective eyes. â€Å"When we met in the street the houses had grown somber†¦towards it (the sky) the lamps of the street lifted their feeble lanterns. (Joyce Pg. 328)† With key words such as â€Å"somber† and â€Å"feeble† in the first few paragraphs alone, Joyce sets up a mood for the later plot. This description shows that the boy is not too fond of his surroundings in fact, undermining them. Traditionally this fictional plot may be best described as man verse society although, while relating Araby to Joyce we come to discover it may actually be man verses himself. The boy announces â€Å"the career of our play brought us through the dark muddy lanes†¦to the back doors of the dark dripping gardens† (Joyce Pg. 328). In one line alone the word â€Å"dark† becomes repetitive. Undeniably the author wishes to describe Dublin as the least of favorable places for a child’s youth. This may set up an indication into a piece of personal reference by Joyce. The boy, whose name Joyce chooses to remain anonymous, is apparently struggling with the ommunity he resides in just as Joyce had done. This struggle may be felt on a strictly psychological level; the boy feels trapped among various characters he comes into contact with throughout his daily routine; his guardians, the school master, the drunken men, bargaining women and shop boys of the market; and the English speaking girl of the bazaar. These characters all form a negative impression on his perspective of the community. The young boy recalls â€Å"my aunt hoped it was not some freemason affair† in response to his inquiry for leave to attend the Bazaar (Joyce Pg. 30). Freemasons are members of an underground brotherhood that were thought to be of extreme adversary to the ideals of the church (Griffin). During school the boy quotes â€Å"I watched my masters face pass from amiability to sternness† describing the strict, forceful education provided in Dublin (Joyce Pg 330). This may be a simple reflection of the various foes Joyce has dealt with during his time in Ireland. For example, Richard Ellman, a famous biographer of Joyce, notes that Joyce was, at one point, a slight alcoholic and had gotten in an altercation once in a bar in St. Stephens Green (Ellman 162). He also adds that while living with a man by the man of Oliver Gogarty, he was violently threatened with a pistol (Ellman 175). For Joyce, these are only a few of some of the harsh experiences living within Dublin. On the other hand, in Araby one character seems to contrast these emotions. An older, curiously mysterious girl, the sister of a close friend Mangan, seems to intrigue him in a spellbinding way. The young boy describes his first hand experience with her â€Å"Every morning I lay on the floor in the front parlor watching her door†¦. I had never spoken to her†¦and yet her name was like a summons to all my foolish blood. (Joyce Pg. 329)† It seems the narrator is emotionally dominated by obsession. With the use of the term â€Å"foolish†, he apparently openly admits of the eventual conclusion to Araby when he realizes his befriending was merely a failed attempt at escapism. However, what sparks his interest in this specific girl is of the most riveting wonder. More importantly, what compels Joyce to construct such a romantic based use of symbolism is under more precise interrogation. He is using the romantic endeavor to figuratively illustrate the narrator’s inner struggle with society. A few indications amongst the introducing paragraphs that give clues to the narrator’s feelings are made apparent as he quotes â€Å"The blind was pulled down to within an inch of the sash so that I could not be seen. (Joyce Pg. 329)† In this line, Joyce signifies that his indifference to the Catholic culture may have been hidden as a child. â€Å"If I spoke to her, how I could tell her of my confused adoration† may show his confused feelings regarding this imbalance of emotions he experienced in Ireland (Joyce Pg 329). He intends to portray a story of youthful ignorance and naive nature, rather than a tale of heartfelt admiration. He uses this plot to represent a theme that mirrors his own conclusion of Ireland; Joyce could not absorb his own creative nature as a literary artist out of such a prosaic culture as a child. It may have lacked the necessary hunger, stimulation, and curiosity he so desperately desired. In â€Å"The Years of Bloom: James Joyce†, writer John McCourt speaks of how Joyce had a furiously tempting early relationship with the Irish Roman Catholic Church (McCourt). He adds that Joyce also had an alter ego, Stephen Dedalus, which may help illustrate this inner conflict with religion and the community. His confused, indifference can be portrayed through this alter ego as it has been through the naive journey of the young narrator in Araby. As the story of Araby eventually unfolds, we learn that the young boy is deluded by his â€Å"crush. † During his first actual encounter, he learned of her involvement with a convent, which in reality would have rendered her â€Å"off the market† but the narrator disregards this important point. His vain nature causes him to continue this obsession and transcend it into the anticipation for attending the bazaar rather than facing the reality that she has vowed to the church in becoming a Nun. In fact, this transfer of obsession only shows that the stories underlying theme is not of romance but of self-love. As one critic explains the outcome â€Å"He has come to accept as just a life in which children play in joyless streets, girls cannot attend bazaars because of convent duties, old ladies collect used stamps for pious purposes, aunts mark time as â€Å"this night of Our Lord,† and even drunken uncles cannot resist moralizing. † After a chronology of events strengthens the narrators doubt and weakens his hope on winning over Mangan’s sister; he suffers from a sense of disillusion. In reference to the concluding thoughts of the narrator, as Coulthard implies, â€Å"[most commentators] omit religion from their list of disenchanting influences and regard â€Å"anguish† as the most important word in the narrator’s climactic memory of his disillusioning boyhood experience†(Coulthard). The boy reflects â€Å"Gazing up into the darkness I saw myself as a creature driven and derided by vanity; and my eyes burned with anguish and anger† (Joyce Pg. 32). This shows that the boy has not overcome but, in a sense, matured. He has learned of his mistake and has accepted his unfortunate circumstances. It has been said that Joyce traveled back and forth from Ireland to Trieste, to Rome, and then London, then finally Zurich by 1912 never to return to Ireland again (Geheber). It seems that the Narrators change of perspective throughout the tale reflects Joyce’s contrasting alter-ego and indecisive outlook of the Irish-Roman Catholic culture illustrated by his travels. This soul psychology of naive verses wise nature portrayed by the narrator’s emotional change seems to capture a piece of Joyce that has been seen throughout his confusingly indifferent feelings with his homeland and the foes he has encountered during his life. The narrator’s feelings towards the community also become more defined after his comment on a specific book discovered in the back drawing room of his home. Perhaps one of the most theme bearing points of the story, the narrator discovers three books. The first two speak of religious tolerance. â€Å"The Abbot† and â€Å"The Devout Communicator† are two stories that directly signal highly religious views of god fearing, law abiding people of extreme holiness. These are both two topics that have been known to frustrate Joyce (Geheber). An Abbot is a â€Å"superior of an abbey of monks† (Hyperdictionary) while being Devout is to be completely devoted to a pious belief (Merriam-Webster). This â€Å"Devotion† may go uncanny regarding whether the specific belief draws enormous sacrifice to livelihood. The last book, however, draws the boy’s interest; he quotes â€Å"I liked the last best because its leaves were yellow† in reference to â€Å"The Memoirs of Vidocq† (Joyce Pg. 328). The significance to Joyce and the theme of Araby provided by this single reference is intense. As Coulthard notes, â€Å"The Memoirs of Vidocq, the autobiography of a French policeman and soldier of fortune, would have provided vicarious escape from [this Catholic discipline]† (Coulthard). Eugene Francois Vidocq was a French man of the 18th century who is described as having a â€Å"mischievous nature† causing him to be â€Å"often at odds with his parents† (Fleisher). Joyce’s use of this reference in Araby has more significance than otherwise noted by the naked eye. Vidocq can also be compared to feelings of rebellion being that he ran away from home due to deceitful acts of betrayal towards his own father. â€Å"In the company of a young woman he ran off with, he traveled to various French seaports seeking passage to the ‘New World’ (Fleisher). † In the boy’s words as he describes the book as â€Å"yellow†, we notice a sense of relation to Vidocq as comparing the shade with a sense of bitterness and melancholy towards his own family and culture. Also, in a short biographical background of Joyce in â€Å"The Norton Introduction to Literature†, we learn that James Joyce had also â€Å"eloped† with a young woman Nora very similar to Vidocq’s journey of exile (Hunter Pg. 391)(Fleisher). This is merely a self-reflection by the author, who makes a strong note of incorporating his own experiences into this piece of literature. In the tale, Joyce continues to combine his own experiences living throughout Europe. It is said that immediately after graduating from the local University, as a young adventurous man, Joyce promptly fled to Paris (Ellman)(Hunter Pg. 91). Paris has always been known as a very artsy, open minded center of creativity (Walz). Descriptions of Paris in the early 20th century may draw upon one to conclude a grippingly lucid contrast to the setting so symbolically portrayed in Araby. Joyce describes the transportation during the young boys trip to the Bazaar â€Å"I strode down Buckingham street toward the station†¦I took my seat in a third-class carriage of a deserted train† (Joyce Pg. 331). He goes on to describe the slow speed of the train as an â€Å"intolerable delay. This is a great example of the large contrast to the well known metro system of Paris at the time. There is no question that Joyce’s comparison of Paris to his indigenous Irish ascetic culture greatly influenced the context of his work. In reference to the popular surrealist culture arising in 20th century Paris one critic quotes â€Å"In addition to its better known literary and artistic origins, the French surrealist movement drew inspiration from currents of psychological anxiety and rebellion running through a shadowy side of mass culture, specifically in fantastic popular fiction and sensationalistic journalism† (Walz). Surrealism was a movement of writers and artists that used fantastic images to represent unconscious thoughts and dreams very similar to the display of symbolism used by Joyce in Araby. Additionally, this â€Å"psychological anxiety and rebellion† are exactly the underlying emotions felt by the narrator through out his journey toward realism. Although Joyce was not a true surrealist, many of the techniques revolving around these literary methods can be easily seen within his work â€Å"Ulysses† (Ellis-Christensen). In this novel, Joyce uses the idea of a â€Å"stream of consciousness†. Although, less apparent, these same methods and techniques of thought will begin to emerge among the lines of Araby, but in a much more figurative sense. â€Å"I had hardly any patience with the serious work of life which, now that it stood between me and my desire†¦Ã¢â‚¬  expresses the Narrator speaking of desire and an inner struggle with himself. These emotions by the narrator most certainly may be shared by the author as well, which initially drove him to Paris and throughout Europe as a young scholar. As Joyce tells the story through the narrators first person perspective, views on life and religion seems to become much more metaphorical than otherwise noticed upon a single reading of the text. Additionally, in â€Å"James Joyce’s Concept of the Underthough†, Michael Harding explains Joyce’s use of existential thought in many of his works. He goes on to describe how famous Philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein’s works on logic relating to ethical and religious points of view had a profound impact on Joyce (Harding). As Robert C. Solomon defines existentialism, it is â€Å"disorientation† or â€Å"Confusion† from a world based on planned identity and freeing ones mind to think from a non-conditioned perspective (Solomon). This idea of â€Å"freedom† which can be seen in the line â€Å"when the Christian Brothers’ School set the boys free† is exactly what the narrator strived for in Araby. Alone, this line summarizes Joyce’s thoughts on religion and how it intrudes on his thoughts of existentialism. Therefore, the underlying religious context of the story is only added by Joyce as a reference to illustrate a conditioned existence. As Coulthard comments â€Å"But they were â€Å"freed† into an equally grim world where not even play brought pleasure†, he shows how the entire story clarifies an entire existence of conditioning which Joyce spends many years of external influence deflecting (Coulthard). This is the basis for the theme of escapism and is directly denoted by his many years of philosophic inquiring among other European nations. The entire theme, characters, and setting within the fictional tale of Araby have a much larger than fictional significance to Joyce’s life. Each line, phrase, and reference has a greater figurative meaning that applies to his struggles throughout his confused and imbalanced maturity while in Dublin. While never sure whether to accept the Irish Roman Catholic faith and always striving for something more, Joyce reflects on himself through the narrator of Araby and essentially uses this ale as his own form of escapism. He may have seen himself as an idealist, who felt hindered and limited in his childhood endeavors. From the description of a â€Å"dark† community, to the expression of initial hopefulness, and later self deceit he provides a plot to transcend his own feelings. With the addition of a romantic, yet philosophical context, Joyce clearly shows personal attachment of his perspective on religion and life into his fiction.

Member of Parliament Essay

This puts the rest of the team in a situation that could cause stress and extra work that they wouldn’t have had to deal with if the team member had done what they said they would do. In order to avoid this it is important for all team members to understand the importance of doing what they are assigned to do. †¢A team member who does not meet deadlines There are many things to consider when something goes wrong when you are a part of a team or group. The first thing I would do is make sure that the deadline was known and that the team member understood the deadline and what was supposed to be completed. If there was a misunderstanding then I would make sure that the rest of the team didn’t have the same misunderstanding about the deadlines and their importance. This situation is especially true for me and this assignment. I was late in submitting my portion and it has put team members in this exact scenario. The way I would handle this with myself, is to make sure I know how important deadlines are and how the impact the work of the rest of the team. I would let myself know that people are relying on me to have my portion of a project or assignment done in order for their portions to be implemented and the final project to be completed. In order to avoid this in the future, I will make sure that I keep track of all deadlines and schedule my time accordingly.

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Long term care - Case Study Example Since the couple had superstitious about home healthcare, their daughter, and the community around them could have informed them of the benefits of such care, particularly for aging couples that require long-term care (Pratt, 2010).   Considering the financing and accessibility of home care services, it is worth noting that are, to some extent, unavailable to most consumers. Perhaps Joan and Jerry were lucky in the sense that the federal and state governments play a role in public financing of patients that need long-term care. In this regard, two programs, namely Medicare and Medicaid, are available to consumers who may need long-term care. However, the criterion for receiving such long-term care is based on two scenarios, which locks out many prospective consumers of home healthcare. For example, only poor elderly patients who are either eligible or covered by Medicaid can access such services. Additionally, only patients recovering from acute conditions who had previously enrolled for Medicaid can get the home healthcare services on long-term basis (Pratt, 2010).   Drawing from Pierre’s case, Hospice’s management ought to develop a program for volunteering in order to supervise to supervise and monitor volunteer works properly to guarantee suitable and safe care of consumers. The management can attach one nursing aide to every situation to ensure that the situations are taken care of effectively and efficiently (Pratt,

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Source report - Surrogacy - Essay Example Haughey’s studies develop theoretically and descriptive analysis of gender selection through surrogacy. According to the author, medical methods used in surrogacy have made it able for prospective parents to propose the preferred sex of their children. In addition, people have developed appealing hypothesis to explain an aspect of sex selection. One of the theoretical hypotheses is concerned with creating a â€Å"balance† in families. Haughey (2005: 85) provides a descriptive study on how surrogacy technology provides couples with a chance to choose sperms that fertilise eggs; hence determining the sex of the offspring. The discussion above lays a scientific foundation regarding the determination of offspring’s sexual features through the selection of sperms to be used for fertilization. Gender balancing eradicates the domination of one gender of children in the family unit by deciding which sexes should be included. In addition, some families may use sex selection to replace or rebuild the family after the death of a child. It is also evident that sex selection occurs when the foetus is selected based on gender, social or medical reasons before it is implanted into the womb. In addition, it is important to note that sex selection also occurs when the foetus is aborted based on gender. Stacey develops theoretically and descriptive hypothesis to that link gender selection in surrogacy and medical reasons. According to the author, couples prefer to point out the desired gender of their children to avoid gender specific genetic and chromosomal disorders. Surrogacy also offers a ground where embryos are screened for genetic diseases and those that are found safe implanted into the mothers’ womb. The descriptive argument presented is that sex selection prevents people from having children with sex-linked diseases such as Duchene’s muscular dystrophy, sickle cell anemia or

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